When it comes to over-the-counter pain relievers, some people have a preference. Some may take acetaminophen while others use ibuprofen. Both are widely used to treat pain and fever, but they work differently and have unique benefits and risks.

Acetaminophen is an analgesic, meaning it reduces or relieves pain. This medication can also help reduce fevers, but it doesn’t reduce inflammation. Tylenol is a commonly used acetaminophen.

It’s commonly used for:

• Headaches
• Toothaches
• Cold and flu symptoms
• Menstrual cramps
• Minor aches and pains

Acetaminophen is found in many combination medications, including cold, allergy and cough products. This is why it’s important to read labels carefully to avoid exceeding the maximum daily dosage of acetaminophen.

“Too much acetaminophen can cause liver toxicity,” says Leslie Cooper, pharmacist in charge at Tidelands Health Family Pharmacy. “There is an increased risk of liver damage if alcohol is consumed while taking acetaminophen.”

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, or NSAID. Advil and Motrin are commonly used NSAIDs. Like acetaminophen, NSAIDs also block the production of the prostaglandins that signal pain to our brain.

NSAIDs have the additional benefit of fighting inflammation that may be causing the pain.

It’s often recommended for:

• Muscle strains and sprains
• Menstrual cramps
• Back and neck pain
• Sinus pressure
• Toothaches

Ibuprofen may cause stomach irritation, especially if taken on an empty stomach. Long-term or high-dose use can increase the risk of ulcers, kidney damage and heart issues.

The best choice depends on your symptoms and health history.

“It’s not one-size-fits-all,” Cooper says. “Talk to your doctor or pharmacist to determine what’s safest and most effective for you.”

Determining which pain reliever to take comes down to finding what works best for you with guidance from your provider. 

Just because they are sold over the counter, it doesn’t mean they are equally safe for everyone.

People with pre-existing conditions such as stomach ulcers, high blood pressure, heart disease or kidney problems should consult with their doctor when choosing pain relievers. As should pregnant or nursing mothers.

“For babies and children, your health care provider can determine the best course of care and the proper dosage,” Cooper says.

For moderate to severe pain, it is safe for most people to alternate acetaminophen and ibuprofen on a schedule, as long as they don’t exceed the daily maximum dose for either one.